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NEW QUESTION 149
Dear Applicant:
Thank you for your application. Unfortunately, we are unable to offer you a position in our local government office for the summer. As you know, funding for summer jobs is limited, and it is impossible for us to offer jobs to all those who want them. Consequently, we are forced to reject many highly qualified applicants.
Which of the following can be inferred from the letter?
- A. The application of the person who received the letter was considered carefully before being rejected.
- B. Very little funding was available for summer jobs in the government office.
- C. The applicant who received the letter was considered highly qualified.
- D. The number of applicants for summer jobs in the government office exceeded the number of summer jobs available.
- E. Most of those who applied for summer jobs were considered qualified for the available positions.
Answer: D
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NEW QUESTION 150
Are you still reading the other newspaper in town? Did you know that the Daily Bugle is owned by an out- of-town business syndicate that couldn't care less about the people of Gotham City? Read the Daily Clarion, the only real voice of the people of Gotham City!
Which of the following most directly refutes the argument raised in the advertisement above?
- A. Nearly 40 percent of the readers of the Daily Clarion reside outside the limits of Gotham City.
- B. Over half of the advertising revenues of the Daily Clarion come from firms whose headquarters are located outside of Gotham City.
- C. The Daily Clarion usually devotes more of its pages to out-of-town news than does the Daily Bugle.
- D. The Daily Bugle has been published in Gotham City for a longer time than has the Daily Clarion.
- E. The editor-in-chief and all the other members of the editorial staff of the Daily Bugle have lived and worked in Gotham City for ten years or more.
Answer: E
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NEW QUESTION 151
Art is visible. However, everything one sees is filtered through certain conditions, some of them historical, and others, natural. The historical conditions include the material, which is used - oil, colors, and the canvas; second, a certain style, i.e., a system of rules by which things visible are submitted a priori. There can be a general style, for example, the style of Impressionism, or a particular style, for example, the individual ways in which two painters, both impressionists, paint. The natural conditions include certain unchanging psychological laws of sight, for instance, the effects of colors or optical illusions.
The conditions of art are nothing but a particular way of interpreting reality. To understand this, one can examine the difference between the classical Greek and the classical Egyptian styles. For the Greeks, the reality of the visible was given by the perspective and the situation in which the object appears; for that reason, they presented a person in his individual movements. For the Egyptians, however, this was only the appearance of a transitory moment, which, according to their beliefs, was not real. Therefore, the Egyptians searched for the permanent essence and the typical character in their depiction of an object. For the Egyptians, Greek art was an illusion; for the Greeks, on the other hand, Egyptian art was unrealistic constructivism.
The way in which reality appears in art must not be regarded on its own. It is affected by many other systems of recognizing reality, including the political, religious, economic, intellectual, and social - in short, all the phenomena of human life. Moreover, art is always of a certain epoch, with its particular conception of reality. Thus, when discussing, for example, the art of ancient myth, of medieval Christianity, or that of the technological age, one must be aware that myth, Christianity, or technology was the most salient feature of the epoch.
It is paradoxical to understand art as some kind of copy of the fields of experience connected with it. So, for example, it is meaningless for the work of art as such if one compares the landscape of a painting with the landscape, which served the artist as his model. Even if the artist had tried to make what he painted as similar as possible to the model he used, the landscape which he saw is only the matter from which something completely different emerges since he has submitted its view to the a priori conditions of art:
namely to the material used (colors, canvas, etc.), to his style, and even to the fact that he paints on a flat surface. Thus one must contemplate a work of art by itself. Even if it is connected to other fields of experience it nevertheless displays something unique which appears in that piece of art and there alone.
According to the passage, classical Egyptians did not present a person in his individual movements
- A. Because for the Egyptians, Greek art was an illusion.
- B. Because the Egyptians did not believe that the reality of the visible was given by the perspective and the situation in which the object appears
- C. Because the Greeks did not believe that the reality of the visible was given by the perspective and the situation in which the object appears
- D. Because the Greeks believed that the reality of the visible was given by the perspective and the situation in which the object appears
- E. Because the Egyptians believed that the reality of the visible was given by the perspective and the situation in which the object appears
Answer: B
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The best answer is D.
The Egyptians believed that the reality of the visible was not given by the perspective and the situation in which the object appears. They thought that this was the appearance of a transitory moment, which was not real.
NEW QUESTION 152
Although many people assume that excessive use of the saltshaker fully accounts for the overly salt-rich diet of the United States, the fact is that about 77 percent of the salt, even with Americans who sprinkle liberally, comes from processed foods such as lunch meats, commercial soups, packaged cakes, and potato chips.
- A. about 77 percent of the intake of salt even on the part of Americans who sprinkle liberally will come
- B. about 77 percent of the salt, even with Americans who sprinkle liberally, comes
- C. even sprinkling liberally, about 77 percent of the American intake of salt comes
- D. even Americans sprinkling liberally should derive about 77 percent of their salt
- E. even Americans who sprinkle liberally derive about n percent of their salt
Answer: E
NEW QUESTION 153
Johnson is on firm ground when he asserts that the early editors of Dickinson's poetry often distorted her intentions. Yet Johnson's own, more faithful, text is still guilty of its own forms of distortion. To standardize Dickinson's often indecipherable handwritten punctuation by the use of the dash is to render permanent a casual mode of poetic phrasing that Dickinson surely never expected to see in print. It implies that Dickinson chose the dash as her typical mark of punctuation when, in fact, she apparently never made any definitive choice at all.
Which of the following best summarizes the author's main point?
- A. Dickinson's editors, including Johnson, have failed to deal adequately with the problem of deciphering Dickinson's handwritten manuscripts.
- B. Although Johnson's attempt to produce a more faithful text of Dickinson's poetry is well-meaning, his study of the material lacks sufficient thoroughness.
- C. Johnson's use of the dash in his text of Dickinson's poetry misleads readers about the poet's intentions.
- D. Although Johnson is right in criticizing Dickinson's early editors for their distortion of her work, his own text is guilty of equally serious distortions.
- E. Because Dickinson never expected her poetry to be published, virtually any attempt at editing it must run counter to her intentions.
Answer: C
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NEW QUESTION 154
(F) We ought not to test the safety of new drugs on sentient animals, such as dogs and rabbits. Our benefit means their pain, and they are equal to us in the capacity to feel pain.
(G) We must carry out such tests; otherwise, we would irresponsibly sacrifice the human lives that could have been saved by the drugs.
Which of the following, if true, is the best objection that could be made from F's point of view to counter G's point?
- A. Even though it is not necessary for people to use cosmetics, cosmetics are also being tested on sentient animals.
- B. Many tests now performed on sentient animals can be performed equally well on fertilized chicken eggs that are at a very early stage of development.
- C. It is not possible to obtain scientifically adequate results by testing drugs in the test tube, without making tests on living tissue.
- D. Some of the drugs to be tested would save human beings from great pain.
- E. Medical science already has at its disposal a great number of drugs and other treatments for serious illnesses.
Answer: B
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NEW QUESTION 155 
The chart above shows political and geographic data on a certain legislative committee of 20 members, each of whom belongs to 1 of 2 political parties and lives in 1 of 4 regions. How many subcommittees of this legislative committee are possible that contain exactly 1 member from each of the 4 regions and the same number of members from each of the 2 political parties?
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
- E. 4
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 156 
- A. 3.8
- B. 6.0
- C. 4.0
- D. 5.4
- E. 4.8
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 157
Under United States law, a distinctive package design can be legally protected against copying. Lorex shampoo, a leading brand, is packaged in a triangular-shaped bottle with a gold label. A major pharmacy chain has introduced a similar, less expensive shampoo in similarly shaped bottles with plain black-and-white labels carrying the chain's name. Though the triangular shape is distinctive, the manufacturer of Lorex has not legally challenged its use for the chain's shampoo.
Which of the following, if true, provides the strongest reason for the manufacturer of Lorex not to challenge the chain's use of the triangular package design?
- A. The black-and-white labeling of the chain's shampoo indicates to the consumer that irrelevant expense has been spared in order to bring the product to the consumer at lower cost.
- B. Lawsuits brought for the purpose of protecting distinctive package designs are generally successful.
- C. The cost of manufacturing the chain's shampoo is substantially lower than the cost of manufacturing Lorex.
- D. The manufacturer of Lorex depends for sales on the willingness of the chain to stock Lorex and other of the manufacturer's products.
- E. The manufacturer of Lorex also manufactures other shampoos, and those shampoos are not sold in triangular-shaped bottles.
Answer: E
NEW QUESTION 158
For a generation of suppressed, restless, working-class youths living in 1960 Jamaica, ska was a medium through which they could find expression. Since its original appearance, ska has resurfaced twice, each time presenting itself in a different guise to a new generation of music aficionados. Overcoming its humble beginnings, it has become one of the twentieth century's most enduring and influential styles of music.
Since the early 1940's, Jamaica had adopted and adapted many forms of American musical styles. The predominantly black inhabitants of Jamaica took a liking to rhythm and blues music, importing a considerable number of American records that were showcased at dance halls in the early 1960s.
Jamaican musicians took up the elements of rhythm and blues and combined it with traditional Jamaican mento music. The result was the first wave of ska. Musically, ska is a shuffle rhythm similar to mento but with even closer ties to rhythm and blues, placing the accent on the second and fourth beats, often moving in a 12-bar blues frame. The after beat, played on the piano or strummed by a rhythm guitar, came to be characteristic of the form. A horn section, usually consisting of trumpets, trombones, and saxophones, was a vital element. Classic bands, such as the Wailers wrote songs written about Trench Town (a ghetto), rude boys (street thugs), romance, and even religious themes. In 1965, ska began to take a backseat to a newly evolved type of music, called rock steady, which was more dependent than ska had been on rhythm provided by the bass guitar and drums.
Ska was later exported by traveling Jamaican artists to Great Britain, where it became known as "blue beat." By the mid 1970's, early British punk bands were infusing reggae, a style of music that came from rock steady, into their music. Near the end of the decade, however, there was a resurgence of the influence of ska because of its upbeat, danceable rhythm. This faster paced ska came to be known as two tone. One of the essential messages of two-tone ska was the promotion of racial harmony and of having fun in the face of subjugation.
The third wave of ska began in America around 1990. Bands influenced by the two-tone ska scene began to use punk and metal music to a greater extent. The combination, which is much faster than two tone, sounds very different from the original Jamaican brand of ska.
In its three different waves, ska has given voice to seemingly voiceless, downtrodden generations. Each time it resurfaces, a new message is taken up; however, the old messages are never forgotten Which of the following statements about ska music is supported by information in the passage?
- A. Rock steady is more dependent than ska on the rhythm provided by the bass guitar and drums.
- B. Two-tone is a faster paced form of ska that developed in the late 1970s
- C. Reggae, which counts ska as one of its primary influences, developed only after it was exported by traveling Jamaican artists to Great Britain
- D. Mento music places the accent on the second and fourth beats, often moving in a 12-bar blues-frame.
- E. Ska's appeal over the last half century has been limited to voiceless, downtrodden generations.
Answer: B
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The best answer is D.
In paragraph four, it says that this faster paced ska came to be known as two tone
NEW QUESTION 159 
- A. Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.
- B. Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.
- C. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.
- D. Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.
- E. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 160
An orchestra conductor a planning the group's next concert. The orchestra will play a total of 3 pieces, and the conductor requires the total playing time of the 3 pieces to be at least 90 minutes but no more than 120 minutes. The pieces the conductor is considering are listed below with the approximate playing time.
First the orchestra will play one of two preludes:
* Prelude A (10 minutes)
* Prelude 8 (28 minutes)
Next they will play one of two classical piano concertos:
* Concerto A (32 minutes)
* Concerto B (48 minutes)
Finally they will play one of two romantic symphonies:
* Symphony A (35 minutes)
* Symphony B (41 minutes)
Based on these approximate lengths, select for Piece X and for Piece K two different pieces so that Piece X will be played before Piece Y, and if the conductor chooses Piece X, then in of def to comply with the given time constraints, the conductor must also choose Piece Y. Make only two selections, one in each column.
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NEW QUESTION 161
Walter: A copy of an artwork should be worth exactly what the original is worth if the two works are visually indistinguishable. After all, if the two works are visually indistinguishable, they have all the same qualities, and if they have all the same qualities, their prices should be equal.
Marissa: How little you understand art! Even if someone could make a perfect copy that is visually indistinguishable from the original, the copy would have a different history and hence not have all the same qualities as the original.
Marissa uses which of the following techniques in attempting to refute Walter's argument?
- A. Giving reason to believe that Walter is unable to judge the quality of a work of art because of his inadequate understanding of the history of art
- B. Attacking his assumption that the price of an artwork indicates its worth
- C. Raising a point that would undermine one of the claims on which his conclusion is based
- D. Proposing alternative criteria for determining whether two works of art are visually indistinguishable
- E. Questioning his claim that a perfect copy of a work of art would be visually indistinguishable from the original
Answer: C
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NEW QUESTION 162
Approximately two hundred brands of personal computers are being manufactured, but we currently limit our inventory to only the eight most popular brands. We plan to increase greatly the number of computers we sell by expanding our inventory to include the ten best-selling brands.
Which of the following, if true, points out a major weakness of the plan above?
- A. The leading brand of personal computer has been losing sales to less popular brands that offer similar capabilities for less money.
- B. As the users of personal computers become more sophisticated, they are more willing to buy less well- known brands of computers.
- C. The seven most popular brands of personal computers account for almost all computers sold.
- D. Less popular brands of computers often provide less profit to the retailer because prices must be discounted to attract customers.
- E. The capabilities of three most popular personal computers add to be approximately equivalent, with no brand having consistent superiority in all respects.
Answer: C
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NEW QUESTION 163
At an enormous research cost, a leading chemical company has developed a manufacturing process for converting wood fibers into a plastic. According to the company, this new plastic can be used for, among other things, the hulls of small sailboats. But what does the company think sailboat hulls used to be made of? Surely the mania for high technology can scarcely go further than this.
Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the author's conclusion?
- A. The cost of the manufacturing process of the plastic increases the cost of producing a sailboat hull by
10 to 15 percent. - B. The wood used in producing the plastic is itself in increasingly short supply.
- C. Much of the cost of the research that developed the new process will be written off for tax purposes by the chemical company.
- D. The plastic produced by the process is considerably lighter, stronger, and more watertight than wood.
- E. The development of the new plastic is expected to help make the chemical company an important supplier of boat-building materials.
Answer: D
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NEW QUESTION 164
Purina her lifetime, when her 1922 book Etiquette was running second only to the Bible in United States sales.
Emily Post was ridiculed as a period-piece snob focused on minutiae, even though her book argued against snobbery.
- A. Emily Post was ridiculed as a period-piece snob focused on minutiae, when her 1922 book Etiquette was running second in United States sales only to the Bible, even during her lifetime,
- B. While during her lifetime, Emily Post's 1922 book Etiquette running second in United States sales only to the Bible was ridiculed as a period-piece snob focused on minutiae,
- C. Emily Post's 1922 book Etiquette was running second only to the Bible in United States sales, during her lifetime was ridiculed as a period-piece snob focused on minutiae, even
- D. With Emily Post's 1922 book Etiquette running second only to the Bible in United States sales, even during her lifetime ridiculed as a period-piece snob focused on minutiae,
- E. During her lifetime, when her 1922 book Etiquette was running second only to the Bible in United States sales, Emily Post was ridiculed as a period-piece snob focused on minutiae, even
Answer: E
NEW QUESTION 165
The number of young adults that are illiterate has dropped significantly in a certain county over the last fifteen years. Education officials attribute this decrease entirely to improved conditions in the schools, which made for a better teaching environment, reducing the level of illiteracy.
Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the education officials' explanation for the lower incidence of the disease?
- A. The same percentage of the population has been tested every year for the last 30 years.
- B. Home-schooling has not been more prevalent among the illiterate as compared to people who are not illiterate.
- C. The conditions in the schools were brought up to the standards of the neighboring counties twenty years ago
- D. Many similar improvements in school conditions have been made over the last twenty-five years in the county.
- E. Because of a new assessment scale, many people who until this year would have been considered illiterate are now considered low-level readers.
Answer: E
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Explanation:
The best answer is C.
The education officials assume that the decrease in the number of people who are illiterate reflects a diminution in cases of illiteracy. By pointing out that this assumption is false, choice C undermines the officials' explanation.
NEW QUESTION 166
The hotel industry now offers a great many gradations of service, giving rise to odd concepts such as "luxury budget." and innkeepers must struggle constantly to find a corner of the market and then to compete at the appropriate level of service.
- A. giving rise to odd concepts such as "luxury budget," with innkeepers who must
- B. giving rise to odd concepts, such as "luxury budget" and innkeepers who are having to
- C. to giving rise to odd concepts such as "luxury budget," with innkeepers having to
- D. so that it gives rise to odd concepts such as "luxury budget" and innkeepers having to
- E. giving rise to odd concepts such as luxury budget/ and innkeepers must
Answer: E
NEW QUESTION 167
The National Museum of American History owns Harley-Davidsons of various vintages on account of having evolved into an American touchstone.
- A. because it has
- B. because they have
- C. on account of their having
- D. on account of having
- E. because of having
Answer: B
Explanation:
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Explanation:
The best answer is C.
As used in choices A, B, and D, the phrases on account of and because of are unidiomatic. Choice E has a subject-verb agreement problem.
NEW QUESTION 168
In recent years many cabinetmakers have been winning acclaim as artists. But since furniture must be useful, cabinetmakers must exercise their craft with an eye to the practical utility of their product. For this reason, cabinetmaking is not art.
Which of the following is an assumption that supports drawing the conclusion above from the reason given for that conclusion?
- A. Some cabinetmakers are more concerned than others with the practical utility of the products they produce.
- B. Cabinetmakers should be more concerned with the practical utility of their products than they currently are.
- C. Some furniture is made to be placed in museums, where it will not be used by anyone.
- D. An object is not an art object if its maker pays attention to the object's practical utility.
- E. Artists are not concerned with the monetary value of their products.
Answer: D
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NEW QUESTION 169
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